The Verb ‘Ir’ also Functions as a Mechanism for Conjugating the Near Future:
The grammatical construct for the near future tense:
Spanish
The Verb ‘Ir’ conjugated in present simple
+ A +
Infinitivo
English
The Verb ‘To go’ conjugated in present progressive
+
Infinitive
I am going to eat (Yo) voy a comer
You-formal are going to come Usted va a venir
You-all are going to (You-all will) go out Ustedes van a salir
Irregulars of Type: E {ra} IE
The pattern: the ‘e’ in the stem changes to ‘ie.’ The verb illustrated in the following table is Preferir (to prefer)
Subject Pronoun
Conjugation
Yo
Prefiero
Tú
Prefieres
Él/Ella/Ud.
Prefiere
Nosotros/as
Preferimos
Vosotros/as
Preferís*
Ellos/as/Uds.
Prefieren
* Not used in Latin America
Additional Verbs
Arrepentir
arrepiento
To regret
Conferir
confiero
To confer
Digerir
digiero
To digest
Divertir
divierto
To amuse
Herir
hiero
To wound
Inquerir
inquiero
To inquire
Mentir
miento
To lie
Preferir
prefiero
To prefer
Sugerir
sugiero
To suggest
Transferir
transfiero
To transfer
1. What do you-all prefer? ¿Qué prefieren ustedes? 2. She never lies Ella nunca miente
Irregulars of Type: O {ra} UE
The pattern: the ‘o’ in the stem changes to ‘ue.’ The verb illustrated in the following table is Dormir (to sleep)
Subject Pronoun
Conjugation
Yo
Duermo
Tú
Duermes
Él/Ella/Ud.
Duerme
Nosotros/as
Dormimos
Vosotros/as
Dormís*
Ellos/as/Uds.
Duermen
* Not used in Latin America
Additional verb
Morir
To die
You (formal-singular) sleep in your bed Usted duerme en su cama
Irregulars of Type: E {ra} I
The pattern: the ‘e’ in the stem changes to ‘i.’ The verb illustrated in the following table is
Pedir (to ask for something)
Subject
Pronoun
Conjugation
Yo
Pido
Tú
Pides
Él/Ella/Ud.
Pide
Nosotros/as
Pedimos
Vosotros/as
Pedís
Ellos/as/Uds.
Piden
* Not used in Latin America
Additional Verbs
Corregir
corrijo
To correct
Despedir
despido
To fire
Desvestir
desvisto
To undress
Elegir
elijo
To choose
Medir
mido
To measure
Pedir
pido
To ask
Repetir
repito
To repeat
Servir
sirvo
To serve
Sonreír
sonrío
To smile
Vestir
visto
To dress
She always asks (for) something to eat Ella siempre pide algo para comer
Irregulars of Type: Verbs whose Stems End in ‘GU’
The verb illustrated in the following table is Seguir (to continue/to follow)
Subject
Pronoun
Conjugation
Yo
Sigo
Tú
Sigues
Él/Ella/Ud.
Sigue
Nosotros/as
Seguimos
Vosotros/as
Seguís*
Ellos/as/Uds.
Siguen
* Not used in Latin America
Additional verb
To achieve / To obtain / To get
Conseguir
Irregulars of Type: Verbs whose Stems End in ‘U’
In these irregular verbs we add the letter ‘Y’ after the letter ‘U’, except for the first-person plural (we) and second-person plural (you-all) forms. The verb illustrated in the following table is Incluir (to include)
Subject
Pronoun
Conjugation
Yo
Incluyo
Tú
Incluyes
Él/Ella/Ud.
Incluye
Nosotros/as
Incluimos
Vosotros
Incluís*
Ellos/as/Uds..
Incluyen
* Not used in Latin America
Additional verbs
To build
Construir
construyo
To destroy
Destruir
destruyo
To exclude
Excluir
excluyo
To run away
Huir
huyo
Irregulars of Type: Verbs whose Stems End in ‘C’
These irregular verbs are conjugated regularly, except for the first-person singular form (I), where the letter ‘Z’ is added.
The verb
Conjugation
Introducir
To introduce
Introduzco
Producir
To produce
Produzco
Conducir
To drive
Conduzco
Special Irregulars
These verbs are unusual and unique, and therefore should be studied separately, on an individual basis, in order to familiarize ourselves with them.
(Yo) voy a comer
