In Spanish, the word for ‘and’ is the letter ‘y’ (pronounced ‘ee’ like in ‘reach’). For example, ‘you and I’ Tú y yo. However, when the sound of the letter after this interjection is ‘ee’, we put an e instead of y.
‘Peru and India’ Perú e India.
Or
The word ‘or’ in Spanish is the letter ‘o’ (pronounced like the ‘o’ in ‘short’). For example, ‘He or she’ Él o ella. However, if the sound of the letter after the interjection is also an ‘o’ sound, the interjection becomes an u (pronounced ‘oo’ like in ‘food’).