Use of the Past Participle
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Use of the past participle in Spanish is identical to its use
in English, and has two main uses: the first, as part of the grammatical
perfect tenses, and the second, as an adjective. Use of the Past Participle
as an Adjective - example:
‘comer’ (to eat)  comido (eaten) comida (meaning
‘eaten’ in present participle, and ‘meal’ – a noun related in context to the
infinitive).
Also, ‘salir’ (to go out) salido (gone out) salida (meaning ‘gone
out’ in present participle, and ‘exit’ – a noun related in context to the
infinitive.)
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Conjugating the Past Participle in Spanish:
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Verbs ending in –AR: we replace the AR ending from the
infinitive form, with –ADO. For example:
‘comenzar’ (to
begin) ‘comenzado’ (begun)
Verbs ending in –ER or –IR: we replace the –ER,-IR endings with –IDO. For
example:
1. ‘comer’ (to eat) ‘comido’ (eaten)
2. ‘dormir’ (to sleap) dormido (slept)
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Irregulars
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The table below lists some of the irregulars, for which
the rules presented earlier in this chapter do not apply:
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| The Verb |
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Participle |
Imponer
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To impose |
|
Impuesto
|
Imposed |
Imprimir
|
To print |
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Impreso
|
Printed |
Morir
|
To die |
|
Muerto
|
Dead |
Poner
|
To put |
|
Puesto
|
Put, placed |
Romper
|
To break |
|
Roto
|
Broken |
Satisfacer
|
To satisfy |
|
Satisfecho
|
Satisfied |
Ver
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To see |
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Visto
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Seen |
Volver
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To return
To come back |
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Vuelto
|
Returned
Come back |
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